Lung Cancer

Thanks to early detection efforts, most cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed at an early stage, when the cancer is confined to the prostate. Some men have their prostate cancer diagnosed after it has spread to nearby lymph nodes. Still, for both these groups, treatment is very effective and five-year survival is close to 100%. Currently, about 5-7% of men with prostate cancer have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. In these men, the cancer has already spread to the lymph nodes and/or bone. Rarely, the cancer may also spread to other organs in the body, such as the lung or liver. Additionally, some men develop advanced-stage or metastatic cancer after treatment for an early-stage cancer. "If initial treatment is begun right away, we can cure over 60% of men with prostate cancer. That means, despite our best efforts, about a third of men with prostate cancer will relapse and go onto develop metastatic disease," says medical oncologist Gurkamal Chatta, MD, Chief of...

A patient presented with pancytopenia and hypercalcemia after intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) for bladder cancer. Bone marrow biopsy performed six months later revealed noncaseating granulomas with negative stains for AFB. He was diagnosed with sarcoidosis and treated with prednisone. Hypercalcemia resolved, but mild pancytopenia persisted. One year later, he developed sepsis. Blood cultures six weeks later grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, ultimately identified as Mycobacterium bovis. Despite triple antibiotic therapy, the patient progressively declined and expired. Introduction Granulomas are focal aggregates of macrophages, epitheliod cells, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocytes that form in response to persistent inflammatory or infectious stimuli [1]. Common organ involvement includes the liver, lung, and bone marrow, but granulomas can be present almost anywhere. Multiple etiologies have been described for bone marrow granulom...

By The ASCO Post Staff Posted: 11/30/2022 11:02:00 AM Last Updated: 11/30/2022 4:16:55 PM Advertisement More than 1.4 million patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2020 globally, but the molecular characteristics of the disease remain unexplored for the majority of patients around the world. In the final days of the Movember campaign, which every year in November aims to raise awareness of men's health issues such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer, and mental health, in concomitance with the upcoming European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Asia Congress 2022, two studies emphasize the need for ethnically diverse prostate cancer genomics data and accessible genetic testing. Prostate cancer is well-established as a BRCA gene–associated malignancy that can develop as a consequence of a hereditary cancer syndrome, and predisposition to the disease is know...

Updated results from the phase 2 CORE1 trial shared during the 2022 Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Annual Meeting continued to show promising anti-tumor activity for the combination of the novel oncolytic immunotherapy CG0070 and pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in patients with BGG-unresponsive non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)." 1 At the initial 3-month timepoint, 28 (88%) of 32 evaluable patients achieved a complete response (CR). Among patients evaluable for CR at longer timepoints, 88% (23/26), 86% (18/21), and 73% (11/15) maintained a CR through 6, 9, and 12 months respectively. Safety data for the trial, which were reported previously at the 2022 AACR Annual meeting, showed that there were no grade 3 to 5 adverse events (AEs) and no new safety signals for the 2 treatments compared with prior monotherapy studies of each agent. 2 Any grade AEs in CORE1 included pollakiuria (n = 6), bladder spasm (n = 4), dysuria (n = 4), fatigue (n = 4), nocturia (n = 3), chills ...

Listen to this article If you cough up blood, the first thing that could come to your mind is that you possibly have lung cancer. But that's not the only sign or symptom of the disease, says an expert to highlight the importance of cancer awareness during Lung Cancer Awareness Month. According to the Indian Journal of Medical Research, lung cancer happens to be one of the most common cancers in the world. If we look at statistics, it accounts for 13 percent of all new cases related to cancer and 19 percent of cancer-related deaths across the globe. In India, lung cancer constitutes 9.3 percent of all cancer-related deaths in both genders. This calls for an awareness on the subject. Health Shots reached out to Dr. Kaushal Kishor Yadav, Senior Consultant and Clinical Lead, Surgical Oncology, Narayana Hospital, Gurugram, to know about lung cancer symptoms that you should not ignore. Only some people with early lung cancer develop symptoms When the body's cells begin to multiply un...

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Five-year follow-up data from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-189 trial further confirms the use of first-line pembrolizumab in combination with pemetrexed and platinum improves long-term survival outcomes for patients with treatment-naïve, metastatic, nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer. Five-year follow-up data from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-189 trial (NCT02578680) further confirms the use of first-line pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in combination with pemetrexed (Alimta) and platinum improves long-term survival outcomes for patients with treatment-naïve, metastatic, nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to Marina Chiara Garassino, MD. Updated analysis presented at the 2022 ESMO Congress showed that patients treated with pembrolizumab maintained a prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) benefit compared with those in the placebo arm. Median OS was 22.0 months (95% CI, 19.5-24.5) in the pembrolizumab arm vs 10.6 months (95% CI, 8.7-13.6) in the placebo grou...

WORTHINGTON — The stats can look scary: Lung cancer is the third most common cancer and also the deadliest. Every year, lung cancer claims more lives than breast, colon and prostate cancers combined. What do you need to know about lung cancer? Here are the basics: What is lung cancer? Your body's cells are always dividing and growing. Cancer is a disease in which some cells start dividing uncontrollably and grow into a mass, also called a tumor. These tumors can begin in any organ or tissue. Lung cancer describes any cancer that starts in the lungs. From there, this cancer can spread to your lymph nodes or other organs. ADVERTISEMENT 5 fast...

Over a quarter of a million people are diagnosed with breast cancer annually. Other than skin cancer, It is the most common type of cancer but not the most deadly. If you or a loved one has a diagnosis of breast cancer, you may be wondering about their prognosis—the survival rates and other outcomes. Multiple factors determine the prognosis or outlook for a breast cancer diagnosis. The factors determining how deadly breast cancer is include 1) how far cancer has spread when it is first discovered, 2) how large the tumor is, 3) how the cancer cells look under the microscope, and 4) differences in which genes and proteins are in the cancer cells.  kali9 / Getty Images Breast cancer survival has greatly improved due to new developments in treatment approaches and screening technologies that make it easier to catch cancer early. The death rate has decreased by about 1.3% each year between 2011 and 2020, and the outlook for most breast cancer c...

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Abstract Background The optimal management of node-positive (pN1) prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy (RP) remains uncertain. Despite randomized evidence, utilization of immediate, life-long androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains poor, and recent trials of early salvage radiotherapy included only a minority of pN1 patients. We therefore emulated a hypothetical pragmatic trial of adjuvant radiotherapy versus observation in men with pN1 prostate cancer. Methods Using the RADICALS-RT trial to inform the design of a hypothetical trial, we identified men aged 50-69 years with pT2-3 Rany pN1 M0, pre-treatment PSA < 50 ng/mL prostate cancer in the NCDB from 2006 to 2015 treated with 60–72 Gy of adjuvant RT (aRT) ± ADT within 26 weeks of RP or observation. After estimating a propensity score for receipt of aRT, we estimated absolute and relative treatment effects using stabilized inverse probability of treatment (sIPW) re-weighting. Results In total, 3510 patien...