Lung Cancer

A lung nodule is a small growth in the lung. Benign nodules are noncancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant nodules are cancerous and can grow or spread quickly. Lung nodules are very common — in adults, they are visible on up to 50% of chest CT scans. Fortunately, fewer than 5% of lung nodules turn out to be cancerous. In this article, we look at the possible causes of lung nodules, their symptoms, and how doctors diagnose and treat them. A lung nodule does not always indicate lung cancer, and most of these nodules are noncancerous. Noncancerous lung nodules can have a variety of causes, including: Current infections: Infectious illnesses that affect the lungs, such as tuberculosis or fungal infections, can cause inflammation. A cluster of cells called a granuloma may form in an inflamed area, giving the appearance of a nodule. Past infections: An area of scarring from a previous infection can also show up as a nodule on a scan. Noninfectious inflammation: ...

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Moles are collections of skin pigments that usually appear in adolescence. While they're usually harmless, there are certain moles we should be concerned about — specifically moles that start to change their appearance. A mole that changes the way it looks could indicate melanoma. A melanoma is a severe and sometimes deadly form of skin cancer that grows in melanocytes or pigment-producing cells in the skin. If one of the changes you notice is scabbing over your mole, should you be concerned? Yes. It's possible that the scabbing is a melanoma indicator. But, you may also have accidentally scraped your skin and injured the mole. Keep reading to learn how to identify cancerous moles and when to seek medical help. When you see a mole that you've had for some time and it has a scab or appears "crusty," there are two potential possibilities: The first is that you simply scraped your skin and injured your mole. The second is the scab is a warning sign for melanoma. A sc...

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This weekend, Facebook shared a memory with me from one year ago. The photos the social media app shared of my daughter from that day will always stick with me.  They were taken on the day I caught COVID-19. I had been asked to take Christmas pictures of my daughter and others for a creative photo shoot. It lasted less than 15 minutes, and as the photographer, I was always several feet from the subjects.  Still, three days later, I woke up with a pain in my chest. Generally, when I get sick, it starts with a sore throat. But, this was not like that. The pain was coming from lower in my chest, and when I took a breath in, the pain would travel throughout my lungs starting at the top, making its way to the bottom. I tried to make each breath crisp and sharp to keep the pain tolerable. As with any cold, my first remedy was hot tea. My pain on that Wednesday remained at a one or a two. The next morning, it elevated to a four, and along came a deep guttural cough....

Introduction Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a tumor caused by malignant changes in melanocytes, mostly in the skin, but also visible in the mucous membrane and internal organs. 1 Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare melanoma subtype. 2 It is mainly found in the acral parts without hair covering such as the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and nail bed, and it accounts for about 2%–3% of all melanomas. 3–5 Although the incidence of ALM is low, the early symptoms of ALM are not obvious compared with other types of CM, which may lead to delayed medical treatment for patients or misdiagnosis by medical staff. 6,7 Therefore, most patients have developed advanced cancer when ALM is diagnosed. 8 In addition, some studies have shown that over the next few decades, the incidence of ALM will continue to increase, and patients with ALM may have a shorter life cycle. 9 Currently, ALM remains a particularly important subtype of CM worldwide. The American Joint Committee on Cance...

When someone is diagnosed with lung cancer, their condition falls into one of two types—small cell lung cancer (SCLC), or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC can be further divided into subtypes, some of which are pretty rare. The most common types of NSCLC are adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC). The exact type of NSCLC is important to know, as that helps your cancer care team to develop a treatment plan. This article will review the survival rates of NSCLC.  Prapass Pulsub / Getty Images Survival Rates One of the first things people newly diagnosed with lung cancer may want to know is their outlook. The survival rate of NSCLC is often reported in five-year survival terms, meaning the percentage of people still alive five years after their diagnosis. The most important factor in determining survival rate is the stage of the cancer. The stage of a cancer gives a number to how advan...