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How To Avoid One Of The Deadliest Forms Of Skin Cancer

When spring turns to summer and warm weather lures more people outside, skin cancer may be at most a distant concern. But experts said it's important to take the risk seriously.

The ultraviolet rays in sunlight are a leading risk factor for skin cancer, which will affect one in five Americans over their lifetime. That includes melanoma, among the deadliest types. About 100,000 people are diagnosed with melanoma each year in the United States, and about 8,000 die from it annually, according to the American Cancer Society.

Fortunately, there are simple ways to reduce your risk, and to detect possible cases early while they are most curable. Therapies approved over the past 15 years have also transformed the treatment of melanoma, extending and improving the lives of patients even with late-stage cases.

Here's what to know about melanoma, its treatments and how to protect yourself.

Melanoma is a cancer that typically starts in skin cells known as melanocytes that make the skin's pigment. Compared with more common skin cancers that begin in squamous or basal cells, melanoma is more likely to spread to other parts of the body.

"It truly has a very aggressive behavior and biology behind it," said Dr. Michael Davies, chairman of the melanoma medical oncology department at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.

Most melanomas appear as flat or slightly elevated blotches of dark color on skin that has been frequently exposed to ultraviolet light, such as the scalp and face, arms, back and legs (though they can occur on areas that have never been exposed to the sun, too). In a smaller share of cases, the growth may appear as a dark- or red-colored bump and grow down into the skin, which can make it more difficult to detect.

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Revolutionary Cancer Vaccine Doubles Survival Rates, Igniting New Hope

The vaccine offering a beacon of hope for skin cancer patients.

British patients are being tested with a potentially curative personalised mRNA vaccine for melanoma, offering a beacon of hope for skin cancer patients. This custom-made jab, developed by Moderna and MSD, can be created for each patient within weeks. Early trials showed a significant reduction in melanoma recurrence, according to The Metro.

The vaccine works by instructing the body's immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. This innovative treatment is now undergoing final stage trials led by UCLH, with the potential to be effective against lung, bladder, and kidney cancers as well.

Dr Heather Shaw, leading the trial, expressed optimism about the jab's ability to cure melanoma and is exploring its application to other cancers.

"This is one of the most exciting things we've seen in a really long time," she told The Metro.

"This is a really finely honed tool. To be able to sit there and say to your patients that you're offering them something that's effectively like the Fat Duck at Bray versus McDonald's-it's that level of cordon bleu that's coming to them. These things are hugely technical and finely generated for the patient. The patients are really excited about them," Dr Heather added.

The trial also has a human face in Steve Young, a 52-year-old from Stevenage who is one of the first participants at UCLH.For roughly ten years, Steve had a bump on his head that he thought nothing of. However, it turned out to be melanoma, a diagnosis that came as a major shock.

"I literally spent two weeks just thinking, "This is it." My dad died of emphysema when he was 57, and I actually thought, "I'm going to die younger than my dad." Mr Young said when he was told about the trial at UCLH, it 'really triggered my geek radar'," Steve Young told The Metro.

He added, 'It really piqued my interest. As soon as they mentioned this mRNA technology that was being used to potentially fight cancer, I was just like, "It sounds fascinating," and I still feel the same. I'm really, really excited. 'This is my best chance at stopping the cancer in its tracks.'

Tactics In Battling Skin Cancer

By guest columnist Dr. Stephanie Duguid

As part of the Mississippi Health Ambassador Initiative, Brooke Edwards, DCNP at Brookhaven Skin and Med Spa, has shed light on the critical importance of skin health.

Skin cancer remains a significant health concern affecting millions of Americans. Understanding its prevalence, types, risk factors, and preventive measures are keys to skin health and reducing its impact.

Prevalence and impact.  Skin cancer affects a large portion of the population, with approximately 1 in 5 Americans developing it by the age of 70. Tragically, more than two persons die as a result of skin cancer every hour in the United States, highlighting the urgent need for awareness and prevention efforts. Shockingly, the risk of developing melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, doubles after experiencing five or more sunburns.

Types of skin cancer.  There are several types of skin cancer, each with its own characteristics and implications. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form, followed by squamous, melanoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma.  While basal and squamous cell carcinomas are more common and have higher survival rates, melanoma poses a significant threat due to its potential to spread rapidly to other body parts.

Mississippi statistics.  In Mississippi, the impact of skin cancer is evidenced with approximately 500 new cases of melanoma diagnosed each year. Tragically, an average of 70 Mississippi residents succumb to melanoma annually. These statistics underscore the importance of heightened awareness and access to

preventive resources in the state.

Risk factors.  Excessive sun exposure, indoor tanning, the presence of atypical moles, genetic predisposition and environmental factors contribute to risk.  Individuals with fair skin, light eyes, and a history of sunburn are particularly vulnerable.  Understanding these risk factors empowers individuals to make informed choices about sun protection and lifestyle habits.

Preventive Measures.  Preventing skin cancer begins with sun protection and adopting sun-safe behaviors.  These include wearing protective clothing, such as hats and long sleeves;  seeking shade during peak sun hours and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Regular self-exams and annual dermatological visits are essential for early detection and prompt treatment of suspicious lesions.

Indoor tanning risks.  Indoor tanning significantly increases the risk of developing melanoma, particularly among young individuals. Research indicates a 75% increased risk of melanoma for those who engage in indoor tanning before the age of 35.  Shockingly, studies have found that 97% of young women diagnosed with melanoma had used tanning beds, highlighting the urgency of addressing indoor tanning practices.

Professional guidance.  The Skin Cancer Foundation offers valuable resources such as "Skin Cancer 101," which provides essential prevention and early detection information. Visit www.Skincancer.Org. Consulting with dermatologists provides individuals with personalized guidance and care. Dermatologists can conduct thorough skin examinations, educate patients about skin cancer prevention and recommend

appropriate treatment options based on individual needs.

Early detection and treatment.  Early detection is critical to successful treatment outcomes in skin cancer. Timely intervention can prevent the spread of the disease and improve prognosis. Treatment approaches vary depending on the type, severity, and individual circumstances of the patient. Promptly addressing suspicious lesions and seeking professional medical advice are critical steps in managing skin cancer effectively.

By prioritizing sun protection, recognizing risk factors, and seeking professional guidance, individuals can reduce their risk of developing skin cancer and protect their skin health for years. Together, we can raise awareness, promote preventive measures, and combat the impact of skin cancer in ourcommunities.

EDITOR'S NOTE:  Stephanie Duguid is owner of Do Good ProHealth (CPR Classes) and Do Good Leadership (motivational speaking, and leadership and success coaching).

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